[J. Thomas Scharf (1886)] in 1664. We have shown that down to 1623 all movements on Manhattan Island and along the Hudson were by private traders. In these the territory of the Weck-quaskecks did not become involved. Even down to the close of the Dutch rule in 16U4, but few white persons probably settled on it. With 1623, however, formal government of the province had been set up. Its seat had been established on Manhattan Island, and was called New Amsterdam. At this seat from that year the West India Company was represented, as to authority, by successive Directors-General of its own appointment. The last four of these men, Peter Minuit, Walter Van Twiller, William Kieft and Peter Stuyvesant, are best known to history. Beyond the responsibility it imposed on them for integ-rity in business transactions, the company laid scarcely any check upon these men. As to details of government, they were left almost wholly to their own will. So each director in his turn rided with an ar-bitrariness that would rarely brook advice. This greatly retarded the growth of the Holland popula-tion. Especially it held it back from extension over neighboring territory. As to Weckquaskeck ground, probably few white people came to reside upon it even down to the close of the Dutch period. Isolated families