Landing Undercliff — The Home of the Poet Morris . From, an old print. The River Road, near Coldenham Where the Brooks Met — Idlewild . View South from Sing Sing, about 1848 Croton and Verplanck' s Point and Anthony's Nose from Hill back of Sing Sing . High Taur and the Short Clove — Haverstraw 161 199 205 213 216 218 220 221 233 239 247 251 263 267 275 283 2gi 297 299 Digitized by Microsoft® X Illustrations Page Stony Point and Haver straw, from Verplanck's Point ■ 307 Bird's- Eye View of the Hudson from a Peak in the Highlands ....... 3^4 Drawn by W. J. Wilson. Where the Jurisdiction of the Goblin Ceases . . 52J Near Fort Montgomery ..... jjj Storm King, from near Storm King Station . , J41 Broken Neck {Breakneck) Hill .... J47 Cro' Nest from Coldspring ..... ^^g On the Face of Bull Hill ..... ;^63 " An Old-Fashioned Loaf of Sugar" . . . j6y From a drawing by the author. West Point. After the Painting by Robert Weir . ^73 Here published by courtesy of the Lenox Library. West Point in lySo ...... j8o From an old print. Looking out of the Highlands, from Coldspring . j8y Polio pel's Island . . . . . . -391 Murderer's (Moodna) Creek — By the Butter Hill . jgp Across the Hudson from Cornwall . . . ^foj From a drawing by W. J. Wilson. Newburgh as Seen from. Fishkill and Coldspring Road ^og The Cantilever Bridge at Poughkeepsie . , • 4ig Tomkins's Cove ....... /127 Ice-boat Fleet near Hyde Park . . . . 435 Digitized by Microsoft® Illustrations XI Page Mending Nets at Garrison ..... 437 Moonlight on the Hudson ..... 445 River Scene, Catskill ...... 455 J. W. Casilear, iS^g. From the Stuart Collection, Lenox Library. {By permission) . River Scene near Kingston ..... 465 From, a drawing by the author. Down the River, from, Lower Red Hook - . . 4'^j The Montgomery House at Annandale . . . 481 Woodland Brook near Catskill .... 48^ From the painting by A. B. Durand, in the Lenox Library. (By permission) . A Glimpse of the Catskills, from Saugerties . . 4gy View of Hudson City and the Catskill Mountains . joj From an old print. Winter Twilight, near Albany .... 517 From a painting by G. A. Boughton in Lenox Library. {By permission.) Van Rensselaer Manor-House, lydj . . . j2j Plan of Albany, i6q§ 552 Schuyler Mansion, iy6o ^40 Seal of Albany ....... 543 Along the River below Troy ..... 550 Looking down River, near Troy .... 552 On the Hudson above Troy ..... 555 From an old print. Congress Spring in 1820 ..... 5S9 The Rapids below Glens Falls .... 5^^ Digitized by Microsoft® xii Illustrations On the River between Glens Falls and Sandy Hill . 368 From a drawing by W. jf. Wilson. The Bridge at Glens Falls ..... S'^P A Log Jam on the Upper Hudson . . . 57^ Sectional Map of the Hudson River In separate pocket Digitized by Microsoft® THE HUDSON RIVER FROM OCEAN TO SOURCE Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® The Hudson River Chapter I Introductory IN a document that for nearly two centtaries and a half has lain safely tucked away among the royal archives of The Hague, there is what the directors of the West India Company called " a brief and clear account of the situation of New Netherland." "This district or country [we read], which is right fruitful and salubrious, was first discovered and found in the year 1609, by the Netherlanders, as its name implies, at their own cost, by means of one Hen- drick Hudson, skipper and merchant, in the ship Halve Maene sailing in the service of the incorporated East India Company; for the natives or Indians, on his first coming there, regarded the ship with mighty won- Digitized by Microsoft® 2 The Hudson River der and looked upon it as a sea monster, declaring that such a ship or people had never before been there." In writing a book upon the Hudson River, it is hardly possible to avoid a repetition of historic statements already more or less familiar to the reader. The voy- age of Henry Hudson, English navigator in the service of the Dutch East India Company, to find a passage through polar seas to the shores of farthest Ind; the happy accident which led him into the mouth of the river that was afterwards to bear his name and to per- petuate his memory; and the wonder of the Indians of Manhattan when the Half Moon anchored at last, are the details of a more than thrice-told tale. There is no doubt that in Hudson's mind the