seized a boat belonging to the said captain, broke it up, and burned it. They then com- 54 Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Along the Manhattan Shore 57 pelled the captain to release his prisoner. From that day Shanghai-ing fell into disrepute along the North River. At Cruger's Dock occurred one of the deeds which in any other city under the sun would have been cele- brated in song and woven into story, but which in New York was allowed to go almost unrecorded. Out of some dusty pile of records one draws the scanty ac- count of the arrival of Captain Haviland, on the 13th of January, 1768, with a supply of stamps, and of the gathering at the dock that evening of a company of armed men, who captured the stamps and btirned them. That is all. If it had been Boston, and a cargo of tea, how sonorously the deed would have been ex- ploited! At the foot of West loth Street — or near it — ^was the old State prison, which at least one boarding- house-keeper in the vicinity advertised as an attrac- tion. One of the early morning sights of the city is that of the market at West Street, near Gansevoort and Little West Tenth. This is one of the survivals from the old days of river boats and farm trucking, and is a part of the story of the Hudson. In the years 1780-85, the Vauxhall Gardens, at the North River end of Warren Street, were at the height of their vogue. There were other places of resort that at a later date monopolised the fashionable throng; notably Columbia, not far from the Battery, on Digitized by Microsoft® /- 58 The Hudson River Broadway, and Mt. Vernon, about where Leonard Street is now. The Vatixhall Gardens of that early- day must not be confounded with the theatre of the same name which was the favourite resort of a later generation. Five blocks farther up the shore from Vauxhall, just at the end of a hill that figured in the plans of the fortifications of 1776-77, was a foundry. One of the most prominent buildings from the river a century ago was the hospital that stood near Duane Street and Broadway, upon an eminence that was considerable then, but has since been "graded" till un- discoverable. Between the hospital and the river stood a chapel, and to the south of that, on the double square between Murray and Barclay Streets, the old college buildings. There was nothing then to hide St. Paul's Church from those who went up or down in the sloops and schooners that thronged the river, and above all else in the city old Trinity loomed, a magnificent landmark. Old Paulus Hook Ferry, at the foot of Cortlandt Street, was often spelled Powles Hook on old maps. In 1780 the Hudson froze from shore to shore, and was measured over the ice at this point, proving to be two thousand yards wide. Fifteen years afterwards the records tell us that "Powles Hook Ferry was leased for Two hundred and Fifty Pounds per annum. ' ' Only a few years later all of the public wharves and slips, piers and docks, around the city sold for one year for $42,750. Colonel John Stevens, in 1811, ran his steam ferry-boat from this point. Digitized by Microsoft® Along the Manhattan Shore 59 It would not be possible to write even a meagre account of the Manhattan shore and neglect Anneke Jans Bogardus and her farm. That farm, which ex- tended from where Warren Street is to above Des- brosses Street, was granted as a Bouwerie to Roeloff Jansen, who had been employed by the Patroon Van Rensselaer, up the river. His widow was considered a very desirable match, and no doubt had many suitors, but she conveyed her goodly inheritance, along with her buxom person, to the grave and rever- end Domine Everardus Bogardus, stated minister of the Dutch Church. What a pair they were ! he with his austere bearing, his ministerial garb, and theological bent ; she sprightly and not too unworldly. It must have been an inter- esting sight when Madame Bogardus danced and the Domine paid the piper. He was a loyal gentleman and knew what his position demanded. We read that when some jealous dame declared that Anneke had coquettishly shown more of her clocked stocking than propriety demanded, her reverend husband promptly brought suit for slander, and received damages. It appears, indeed, that Bogardus was something of a fighter, and figured as plaintiff or defendant in several law-suits. But to return to the farm : every one who knows his New York at all knows what years of litigation over the inheritance of