[Frederic Shonnard & W.W. Spooner (1900)] ward, passing said bay thirty leagues to Rio St. Antonio, in 41°, which is north and south with said bay." Gomez's "Bay St. Chripstapel" was unquestionably the Lower New York Bay, and his "Rio St. Anto-nio" (so named in honor of the saint on whose day he beheld it) the Hudson River. The latter conclusion is clearly established by his de-scription of the river as "north and south with said bay," which, taken in its connections, can not possibly apply to any other stream. To have established the north and south direction of the river he must have explored it for some distance. It hence becomes an entirely reason-able inference that in 1525, eighty-four years before Hudson's appear-ance, the Portuguese Gomez, sailing under a commission from Spain, entered Westchester County waters. It has even been suggested that Anthony's Nose, the peak which guards the entrance to the High-lands, owes its name to this first voyager of the river.1 Aside from the records of these early discoveries of Verrazano and Gomez, there is much historic-* al evidence indicating that at _:„-,~i -Jbjr least the general coast con-formation in the latitude of New York was well under-stood by European cartograph-ers and navigators long before