[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Number 26 ******************************************************************************************** Contents Notes 1 Hudson River Valley Projectile Point Correlation Workshop, Sept. 22, 1962 Mauck Brammer 4 Fossils and Concretions from Coastal New York Sites Edward J. Kaesar 5 A Double Child Burial in Orient, Long Island Roy Latham 8 Riverhaven #1 (Twa 4-3) Site…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] earth containing bones of extinct animals and an obsidian chip were cased together undisturbed and shipped to the Museum where the flake was removed in the presence of scientific witnesses. Mark R. Harrington of The Southwest Museum, Los Angeles, California, visited Tule Springs in October, 1933, on learning of Hunter's discovery, and went over the same ground. His…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] 18, Los Angeles 42,

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] phases, the first of which was called the Farmdale and the second the Iowan. Depending on how the glaciology finally works out, Lewisville Man and Tule Springs Man were either mid-Wisconsin or pre-Wisconsin inhabitants of the New World, in a Paleolithic stage of culture. The Tule Springs report, written by M. R. Harrington and Ruth D. Simpson, both of The Southwest…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Drieger wrote "Looking back, one may well wonder why the original discovery of the Tule Springs locality in 1933, with its evidences of contemporaneity of man and extinct Pleistocene fauna as reported in that year by Dr. George Gaylord Simpson of The American Museum of

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] association publication committee, or to the Editor, Louis Brennan, 39 Hamilton Avenue, Ossining, N. Y. No. 26 November 1962 3 American archaeology has to be re-thought out, and that modest tool, the chopper, is about to loom larger and larger in the new era. Don Dragoo reports, verbally, a complex from southwestern Pennsylvania of large, crude stone tools without …

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Bert Salwen of Metropolitan Chapter, who is now teaching at Bennington College, made the July issue of American Antiquity with his "Sea Levels and Archaeology in the Long Island Sound Area." The abstract in A. A. says "Two coastal sites on Long Island, the Stony Brook site and the Baxter site, are examined in the light of Fairbridge's data on sea level fluctuations…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] HONOR Joffre Coe of The University of North Carolina was re-elected to a two-year term as ESAF president at the ESAF Annual Meeting. Re-elected vice-president was Sigfus Olafson of the NYSAA Metropolitan and MidHudson Chapters. With the change in the ESAF constitution which takes effect with this new slate of officers Mr. Olafson will assume the presidency in 1964.…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] A further general workshop was scheduled for October 27. A suggestion by Dr. Ralph Solecki that a representative Hudson River Valley sampling would be desirable for the Metropolitan Chapter, to be housed at Columbia University, Brennan reported, had led him to the conclusion that a group effort at classification and synthesis would be necessary to make such a sampl…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Obviously, the terms to be used and the subclassification of the system would need further study by the committee. And obviously, also, similar systems for pottery and other artifacts as separated by function, as pointed out by Dr. Solecki, would need to be developed for a complete picture of the Hudson River Valley cultures over the long time span of its prehistor…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] For the October 27 workshop, it was suggested that concentration on the first three or four main sub-divisions would be desirable. (Editors note: a second conference was held on October 25 and will be reported later.) FOSSILS AND CONCRETIONS FROM COASTAL NEW YORK SITES Edward J. Kaeser Metropolitan Chapter The curious and quite common occurrences of fossiliferous p…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The stones not meeting the necessary requirements for further modification became hearth and boiling stones or were put to some other crude utilitarian use, such as hammers, anvils, and mullers. In the Park area, the Archery Range Site (Kaeser, 1962, pp. 4-7), Pelham Boulder Site (Lopez, 1956, p. 15), and the as yet undocumented Bartow midden have all yielded vario…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] At the Archery Range site, an unmodified stone of duck like form, partly polished as if by handling, was recovered from a feast pit adjacent to a burial at- 6 THE BULLETIN tributed to the florescent Bowmans Brook stage of the East River Aspect (Smith, 1950~ pp. 152-3). At Tottenville, Staten Island, New York, a zoomorphic limonite concretion was recovered from a be…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] On the north shore of Lake Ontario, Bay of Quinte’ Component, a Point Peninsula Focus burial mound contained several natural concretions and fossils in addition to various burial offerings (Ritchie, 1944, p. 178). Fossil brachiopods stained with red paint were among a large collection of artifacts recovered from cache pits at a site south of Trenton, New Jersey, re…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The Indians fought him fiercely with all their numbers, and he retreated southward down the coast to the vicinity of Throgs Neck, the south eastern end of Bronx County. Being hard pressed and the tide low, he crossed Long Island Sound by way of the small rocky islets known as Stepping Stones. At the terminus of Throgs Neck, he left the imprint of his big toe before…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The twelve heated, steam -producing stones of the Sweat Lodge Ceremony of the Delaware were considered sacred in the diagnosis and treatment of sickness (Wallace, 1961, pp. 73-74). The Burnt Offering Ceremony called for placing tobacco on twelve heated stones, the smoke carrying prayers to the twelve heavens (Wallace, 1961, p. 72). One of the most cherished possess…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Mecca. Stones believed impressed with the footprint of Gautama Buddha were considered sacred. Whole mountains such as the Greek Mount Olympus is an example of the ancient belie f in the residence of the gods. Gems, such as the sapphire and emerald have been reputed to bring good luck and health, the power to cure disease, eyestrain, snakebite, and predict the futur…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Jenkins, Stephen, The Story of the Bronx, (1912), G. P. Putnams Sons, New York and London. Kaeser, Edward J., The Archery Range Site, A Preliminary Report, The Bulletin , New York State Archeological Association, No. 24, (1962). Lopez, Julius. The Pelham Boulder Site, Bronx County, N.Y., an abstract. Eastern States Archeological Federation, Bulletin No. 15, (1956).…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The grave was 26 inches in depth and the fragile skulls were badly fractured by freezing of the heavy soil. The grave was situated 150 feet from salt marshes on land many times inundated by marine tides. Ten feet south of the grave was a circular pit 28 inches in depth by 30 inches in diameter which contained only valves of the soft clam. Scattered in a semicircle …

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Most types of tools have been collected on the surface of this small site during the past 70 years, notably among them a small completely grooved axe two inches in length, no doubt but a child's toy tool, and one wonders if the departed mentioned were the No. 26 November 1962 9 owners of this, the smallest grooved axe recorded from Long Island, although certainly n…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The island, consisting of twenty-seven square miles of surface area, is fairly level and was undoubtedly created by the last ice age. The chief industry has been farming since the island was purchased by New York State from the Seneca Indians in 1815. At present, it is in a transitional state, from rural to suburban development. Very little archaeological research …

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] The area is a gentle rolling plain, rising in a south westerly direction from the river bank which is approximately six feet above the river level. At the present time, the larger portion of the area is under intensive cultivatio n and excavation is impossible. A few sample holes have been dug in between seedings, but due to the nature of the soil, nothing definite…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] I have not at the time of this writing had the opportunity to view the collection or read the notes, but hope to do so in the near future. The fact that many aboriginal cultures are represented by the artifact collection, leads one to believe that the site may not have been occupied permanently by any of them, but may have been a gathering place or a portaging poin…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] We have not as yet found any similar evidences on the west branch of the river as were found on the east branch to strengthen our theory. It is possible we never may, as much of that area of the island has been developed and the evidences may be destroyed. At the present time, the area on which the site is located is up for sale to be subdivided into building lots.…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Projectiles: Notched, stemmed and triangular Scrapers: Notched, beveled, triangular, simple end, and side scrapers Drills: Straight, expanded base, notched, T and Y shape *Mortuary Blades: Ovate, Lanceolate, and triangular *Cache Blades: Various shapes and thickness, percussion chipped Strike-a- lights: Isosceles triangular Knives: Base and point fragments only Cel…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] VINETTE I POTTERY* IN THE CROTON RIVER MOUTH AREA Louis A. Brennan Metropolitan & Mid-Hudson Chapters Two weeks ago, (March, 1962), while excavating in the middens at the Kettle Rock end of Croton Point about which we reported to this Association last year, the author, in the company of Mauck Brammer and Sigfus Olafson, came upon the first occurrence of descriptive…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] An examination of the literature places this type early in the Early Woodland Period and an inspection of the material itself by John Zakucia of Pennsylvania confirms that similar ware is found immediately succeeding Fayette Thick in the upper Ohio Valley and in Pennsylvania. Thus the only pottery we have found in two years of digging at Kettle Rock Point is very e…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] We can, after over two years of digging at this location, assert with considerable conviction that pottery is associated here with little shell only, never with medium to big shell, and there are at least two soil building periods at Kettle Rock Point older than the Vinette Ilike pottery. If, as has been postulated, Vinette I is the primary ware in the northeastern…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] Since no later middens occur in this vicinity we must further assume that after this time, conditions at Kettle Rock were never again by reason of climate and/or water conditions, favorable to the establishment of oyster beds. The Orient Complex of Long Island, in some pottery of which Ritchie has found Vinette I resemblances, has been dated at approximately 3000 B…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] At midden Locus 1 at Kettle Rock where Vinette I-like pottery occurred in two spots opposite each other on the midden periphery the meager artifact midden content consisted of a 2 in, long fishtail point, a 3 in. long narrow side-notched point, a narrow simple stemmed point, a large, broad asymmetric knife, two smaller knives, typical hammer stones and mullers, two…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] In an adjacent midden of small shell there occurred a short, broad-bladed, simple stemmed point, a quartzite stemmed point that may fall within a fish-tail or, more likely, an incipient fish-tail phase, a 3 in, narrow bladed side-notched point, half an oval winged bannerstone, quartzite spalls and typical hammerstones and mullers. But no pottery occurred in this du…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] We have found just one of these at Kettle Rock and they are certainly not prominent in what we have named the Q tradition along the Hudson, which is the narrow-bladed point tradition and which certainly has roots in the preceramic here, as we know from our Winterich site. Nor was the quartzite, so prominent in the Q tradition, a favored material of these Crawbuckie…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] This living pattern, on the evidence of the uniform volume of individual shell heaps that vary but little through the several horizons during which they were laid down, consisted of a basic population unit of perhaps a dozen to fifteen persons which visited a regular series of food gathering stations and depended on no one food resource for very long. Our Kettle Ro…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] we believe that a series of dates for it from Long Island, up the Hudson and into western New York and into New England would provide what amounts to a road map of the place of origin of eastern pottery and some eastern peoples. If this is the route of diffusion, Vinette I would obviously be older in the lower Hudson Valley area than in central and northern New Yor…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] This and later crops stalled our attempts for nearly two and a half years to finish this pit. In the fall of 1961, after again obtaining permission from the landowner, who must remain anonymous to protect the site, we again started excavating. At this time we were able to dig two large and one small pits before the site was again planted, this time to wheat, only t…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] 16 THE BULLETIN pipe is represented by a stem only, but is unusual in that the rear portion of an animal, possibly a lizard, stands out in relief on the top of the stem. It has legs with three toenails on each and a short tail (Fig. D). Another pipe stem was originally round, but the portion of the stem which would be in the smokers mouth had been ground down to ma…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] 7 1 rim 3 4% Cord Wrapped Stick 10% Linear In the January MORGAN CHAPTER NEWSLETTER a graph (4B) shows the number of horizontal lines around the rims of the Ontario Horizontal designed pottery vessels. Four lines are the most common; three are next more common. This graph is correct however, as since its printing, another rim has been found which has 11 lines aroun…

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] 11 OAKFIELD FORT 7 LITERATURE In addition to the highly significant report on Tule Springs mentioned on page 1, 1962 produced another archaeological study that ought to be in the library of every chapter of NYSAA. This is "The Paleo-Indian Tradition in Eastern North America" by Ronald J. Mason in Current Anthropology, June, 1962. In the method of presentation used …

[Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962)] "While we cannot demonstrate the emergence of the Archaic out of the antecedent Paleo-Indian stage there is good evidence that the delineation of some lines of affinity will be possible in the future." Issue is taken with these views and other views are advanced by George A. Agogino, Douglas S. Byers, Chester S. Chard, John L. Cotter, Robert J. Drake, Richard G. Fo…