[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Kaphack, on Westenhook River, a place described as "Beginning at an Indian burying-place hard by Kaphack," probably means "A separate place"--"land not occupied." The tract began at "an Indian burying-place," and presumably took its name therefrom. _Chépeck,_ "The dead;" _Chépeack,_ "Place of the dead." (See Shapequa.) Valatie, the name of a village in Columbia County, is Dutch. It means "Vale, valley, dale, dell," and not "Little Falls," as rendered in French's Gazetteer. _Waterval_ is Dutch for "Waterfall." _Vallate,_ Low Latin for "valley," is the derivative of _Valatie,_ as now written. Schodac, now covered by the village of Castleton (Schotax, 1677; Schotack, 1768), was the place of residence of Aepjin, sachem, or "peace chief," of the Mahicans. [FN-1] It has been translated from _Skootay,_ Old Algonquian (_Sqúta,_ Williams), "fire," and _-ack,_ "place," literally, "Fire Place," or place of council. It was extended to Smack's Island, opposite Albany, which was known to the early Dutch as "Schotack, or Aepjen's Island." It is probable, however, that the correct derivative is to be found in _Esquatak,_ or Eskwatak, the record name of the ridge of land east of Castleton, near which the Mahican fort or palisaded village was located, from which Castleton takes its name.