[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1872)] efforts to secure their removal to the Brodheatfs New York, 11, 294. Hudson river after their disastrous defeat 2 The Indians began to have a value in the war under King Philip. At the in the hands of the French as well as the time of the discovery they were a powerful English. To both parties they were the tribe. — Schoolcraffs Ind. Nat., v, 222, etc. most effective soldiers that could be pro-64 THE INDIAN TRIBES difficulty, and subsequently the Indian fortresses of the High lands became the receptable of Dutch prisoners. The Dutch knew very little of tribal organizations or tribal laws. To each village they gave the dignity of a tribe, and undertook to hold with them separate covenants. The Makicans made a very wide distinction between the Dutch at Fort Orange and those at Fort Amsterdam, and it was not until Kieft made his treaty with them in 1645, that he had peace. With the subsequent crumbling up of the clans more exposed to European influences, and the debris which remained after the retirement of their more active members, the result was the same in all parts of the country, whether Mahicans, Lenapes, or Mohawks. In considering the political relations of the LENAPES they should be regarded as the most formidable of the Indian con federacies at the time of the discovery of America, and as hav ing maintained for many years the position which subsequently fell to the Iroquois, rather than as having been subjugated by the latter anterior to the advent of the Europeans.