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Ruttenber's Indian histories, Bolton's Indian Paths, NYSAA archaeology bulletins
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Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
Delaware, and Susquehanna rivers,
were in subjection to the Five Nations, and, within the memory
of persons now living, acknowledged it by the payment of an
Hudson's,
Connecticut,
annual tribute
:
" He
Dutch with
gives no authority for the earl…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
war existed in 1656, between the Manhingans and the Mohawks,
and that these experienced a severe check in 1663, in an attack
upon a Manhingan fortified village, and Golden admits that the
contest was not at an end until 1673.
'The trade of New
'
he
h…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
This conclusion is not only abundantly sustained by the
records referred to, but by an analysis of the testimony which
The
has been relied upon as indicating an opposite result.
latter is confined, first, to traditionary reverses sustained by the
Mah…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
The former writer states that in the war of 1626, the Mohawks
were successful and that the Mabicans fled and left their lands
x
" war broke out "
unoccupied ; the latter affirms that
again in
" between the
near
Fort
the
Makand
1628,
Maikens,
Orange,
…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
To these facts it may be added that deeds from
King Aepjin show that his council-fire was kept burning at
Schodac 3 as late as 1664 ; that one of the castles of the nation,
that at Cohoes, was in occupation by them as late as 1660, and
that the recor…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
769.
beginning of this year (1628)
war broke out between the Maikans,
near Fort Orange, and the Mohawks,
" In the
towards the north by the Fresh
called, where they begin to
the soil ; and thus the war
terminated."
Wassenaar, Documentary
have
so
…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
Mohawk river they never either claimed or sold lands on the
Hudson, and even north of that point their claim, although tra
Whatever
conceded, was subsequently disputed.
may have been the extent of the territory which they claimed,
ditionally
howeve…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
more extended reference to this war and its results may be pro
per.
The eastern Indians were involved in the contest as well
*It is asserted that the Mahicans admitted the conquest of the lands west of
the Hudson embraced in the Saratoga
(Schuyler…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
I perceive in these two
tribes, by nature
arrant and declared enemies of the Iroquois, a great inclination to reside
'
the
French."
After
King
among
Philip's
THE INDUN TRIBES
as the Mabicam*
In
in
Director
1662,
Stuyvesant^ucceeded
establi…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
from Claverack," 3 and that they were "about five
" Hans the Norman 4 arrived at
hundred strong." Again
the redoubt with his yacht from Fort Orange ; reports that full
inland
:
at Claverack, on the
about
three
east side,
(nine) miles inland, but h…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
The greater portion, however,
ultimately found their way to Canada,
where, with fragments of other tribes,
they were known as the St. Francis
Indians.
Doc. Hist., i, 27 j
in, 482, 562;
Col.
Brodkead's Ne w York, i, 732. The village of Claverack …
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
The Mahicans retired after two hours
and
the
Mohawks, descending the river in canoes, hid
fighting;
themselves below them in an ambuscade which commanded the
road to Schenectady, at a place called Kinaquariones, where a con
flict
ensued in which, al…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
treated as equals even in the selection of representative chiefs
to visit England. At no stage of their history are they repre
sented as the dependents of the Five Nations.
This will more
the wars with the Dutch,
fully appear from their connection…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
The Mohaiuks pursued them, got in their
Mendowasse, sagamore from Hackinsack,
Anmanhose from Haverstroo, Meggenand from an ambush, attacked
maiker, sagamore of Tappan, in behalf
of themselves and Neversincks, having
understood that peace had been m…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
valley of the
the
was subsequently removed to
it
where,
Housatonic,
under the
name of
W-nahk-ta-kook, it was known to the authorities of Massa
chusetts and to the English missionaries ; under that of Westenhuck, to the
Moravians, and
under …
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
which Philip was killed, they again retreated " towards
Albany," some two hundred and fifty in number, but were pur
sued and attacked by the English, near the Housatonic river,
and a number of them killed. The main body of them, how
in
ever, made g…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
them remained near the Dutch village of Claverack, and the
remainder, some two hundred in number, passed over to Potick,
an old Mahican village at Katskill. 1 The French immediately
made overtures to them, through their associates who had found
refug…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
That conclusion was based upon information less perfect than
that
which has since been obtained, and not only so but is in
conflict with the previous
There was
findings of that author.
in
their
action
inconsistent
the
with
understood
nothing
clearl…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
Hubbard's Indian Wars^ 94, 98,
188 ; Colonial History, jv, 902, etc. ;
time of the discovery they were a powerful
Brodheatfs New York, 11, 294. The Indians began to have a value
in the hands of the French as well as the
To both parties they were th…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
and the debris which remained after the retirement of their
more active members, the result was the same in all parts of the
country, whether Mahicans, Lenapes, or Mohawks. In considering the political relations of the LENAPES they
should be regarded…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
primitive language which was
the most widely diffused, and the most
the
fertile in
dialects, received from
French the name of Algonquin. It was
the mother tongue of those who greeted
the colonists of Raleigh at Roanoke, of
those who welcomed the Pil…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
To this house the nations from ever so
far off used to resort, and smoke the pipe
of peace with their grandfather. The
white people coming from over the great
OF HUDSON'S RIPER.
tion is that the Iroquois, finding the contest in which they were
eng…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
nanimous nation, of the position of the women or umpire;
that a weak people in such a position would have no influence,
but a power like the Lenapes, celebrated for its bravery and
above all suspicion of pusillanimity, might properly take the
therefo…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
signed to break the strength of the Lenapes soon became evident.
They woke up from their magnanimous dream, to find them
From that time they were
selves in the power of the Iroquois.
the cousins of the Iroquois, and these were their uncle. 1
Whil…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
The Lenapes did, to a very considerable
extent, act in the capacity of mediators, and the Dutch traders
did no doubt have part in
the hostilities between
terminating
them and the Iroquois.
nations subjugated
It is a
singular fact, too, that
of a…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
wyck, the Iroquois were primarily indebted for their subsequent
That manor was
position in the family of Indian nations.
organized under an independent charter with powers not delegated
to the West India Company at Fort Amsterdam, especially in
the m…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
Ne w
t
Netherlandy
Doc. Hist., iv,
I, etc.
OF HUDSON'S RWER.
than usual, where guns were
them
at
a
fair
price, realizing in this way
plenty, purchasing
considerable profit. This extraordinary gain was not long kept
Amsterdam,
secret.
in great…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
On this account the Indians, in the vicinity of Fort Amsterdam,
and as the record elsewhere shows, especially the Minsis of
New Jersey and the Delaware, " endeavored no less to procure
guns, and through the familiarity which existed between them
and …
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
Nor could subjugation have been as early
as 1643 or 1645, when Kieft made his
treaty with the Mohawks
and Mahicans, for the Swedes were then supplying the Minsis
In 1660, the latter, through their chief, could
declaim to their dependents at Esopus,…
Ruttenber, E.M. History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; their origin, manners and customs; tribal and sub-tribal organizations; wars, treaties, etc., etc. Albany: J. Munsell, 1872.
them a keg
says, replied by giving
of powder, but entreated them to make peace with the Minsis
so that the Dutch might " use the road to them in safety."
tor Stuyvesant, so the record
Three years
later the
Dutch were in terrible alarm.
A body
of…