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🏹 Indigenous Peoples & Archaeology
The Kitchawank, Wappinger, and Lenape peoples who lived here for 7,000+ years
926Passages
7Source Documents
Sources
| Source | Passages | Words | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1872) | 401 | 76,522 | Original → |
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906) | 223 | 40,085 | Original → |
| Various (1971) | 98 | 18,630 | Original → |
| Herbert C. Kraft et al. (1994) | 73 | 12,771 | Original → |
| Various (1967) | 42 | 8,829 | Original → |
| Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962) | 39 | 7,958 | Original → |
| Reginald Pelham Bolton (1922) | 50 | 5,568 | Original → |
Passages
Various (1967)
[Various (1967)] A very similar range in projectile point forms, the majority being of Normanskill type, is evident in the components at all three sites. The retouched flake scrapers at Pickle Hill have not been found on other sites of the River comp…
Various (1967)
[Various (1967)] At Pickle Hill, 65% of all artifacts were whole, fragmentary, or unfinished projectile points. Scrapers, such as those found at Pickle Hill, are usually assumed to have been used in working hides, but a more likely function in view o…
Various (1967)
[Various (1967)] Materials: 1, 6, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18-21, 27, 32, Fort Ann flint; 3, 22, 28-30, Onondaga flint; 5, 8, 16, Normanskill flint; 7, 13, 25, 34, Little Falls? flint; 2, 23, Kalkberg? flint; 4, Deepkill flint; 10, 26, gray cherty slate; 1…
Various (1967)
[Various (1967)] Following spring thaws the River people probably moved to Lake George, the Hudson River, or other bodies of water where fish and shellfish were available. REFERENCES Funk, Robert E. 1966a. The Significance of Three Radiocarbon Dates …
Various (1967)
[Various (1967)] of millions of people living in the metropolitan regions of New York and New Jersey, it has been completely lost in the rush of civilization. The Tuxedo-Ringwood Canal was built around 1765 by Peter Hasenclever. Hasenclever, a German…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The Bulletin Number 52 July 1971 CONTENTS The Archaic Revisited, A Preface L.A.B 1 The Archaic in New York William A. Ritchie 2 William A. Ritchie: A Valediction Robert E. Funk 13
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Program, NYSAA Annual Meeting 40 No. 52, July 1971 1 THE ARCHAIC REVISITED A Preface The announcement by Dr. William A. Ritchie at the NYSAA State Conference at Binghampton, April 1618, that he was retiring on May 1 from his long hel…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] since been done; it was appropriately festooned with sentiment. Despite the short notice Dr. Ritchie's well-earned departure was signalized by an appropriate recognition of its significance to Dr. Ritchie, who has happy plans for his…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The continental validity of the concept has taken increasing hold on anthropology and if the key words used in the literature were ranked in the order of the number of times they appear, "Archaic" would certainly lead the list. Like …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Ritchie, State Archeologist, NYSAAF New York State Museum and Science Service The purpose of this paper is to restate, for greater clarity and emphasis, my current views regarding the major configuration of the Archaic stage in New Y…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Anderson, Donald Hollowell, and Joseph Bodnar, with supporting evidence from two other sites excavated chiefly by Donald R. Sainz. Through the courtesy and generosity of these enthusiastic workers we have been able to study and repor…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Moreover, these southeastern sites have not produced choppers, celts or adzes, or indeed any ground stone items such as occur on the Staten Island components. In the southeastern sites the temporal range of the point styles reported …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] ± 250 years (M-1908), and a chipped celt with ground bit, having no parallels in the south_________________ 1 Published by permission of the Director, New York State Museum and Science Service, Journal Series No. 129. No. 52, July 19…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Beginning about 4000 B.C., the warmer climatic conditions of the Xerothermic period were attended first, by an oak-pine, then by an oak-hickory forest succession, both highly favorable as habitats for the most valued game animals, es…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Here, in the basal levels at the Sylvan Lake Rockshelter, Funk uncovered a small number and assortment of untyped projectile points. Two radiocarbon dates from this general zone are 4030 B.C. ± 120 (I-2599) and 4610 B.C. ± 100 (Y-165…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] As I have long and frequently stated, I regard the Laurentian tradition of the Late Archaic stage as having its immediate source in the Lake Forest belt lying adjacent on the south to the Great Lakes and extending eastward across low…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The time span of the Laurentian in southeastern Canada, New York and New England, on present limited C-14 determinations, falls between c. 3300 and 2000 B.C., with the oldest dates to the north, in the Ottawa Valley. Here two determi…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Farther east, in southern New England, we have a hearth charcoal radiocarbon date of 2270 B.C. ± 160 years (Y-1530) attributable to a weak Laurentian manifestation in Stratum 4 at the Hornblower II site on Martha's Vineyard (Ritchie …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The extended burial which produced the bone, Number 78, was that of a young male who had been richly provided with grave goods, including such characteristic Laurentian traits as a ground slate point or knife and chopper.2 A similar,…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] While the weight of the evidence, cultural and chronological, strongly indicates that the Brewerton phase was still extant in central New York around 2000 B.C., we have, unfortunately, no way of assessing the antiquity of the key sit…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] This fact introduces a major point in my perspective of the Archaic cultures in New York, namely, that the most plausible explanation for this distributional picture of the Brewerton phase was the approximately concurrent presence in…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] ± 120 years (Y-2346), about 500 years later than the Lamoka Lake site situated approximately 60 miles to the southeast (Hayes and Bergs 1969). The persistence of a regional variation of the Lamoka culture in the lower Genesee Valley …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] It therefore appears that the Lamoka was the 6 THE BULLETIN earliest known culture of the narrow point tradition to enter New York and that its route into the south-central region was at that time relatively unobstructed by Laurentia…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The 163 burials found in the midden covering the island in our several excavations occurred in a wide variety of modes and arrangements, and yielded skeletal remains and grave goods of singularly instructive character. There was one …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] Search for comparable sites of the Brewerton phase, which might solve this dating dilemma, has so far been in vain. As I have said, the Lamoka culture per se is not represented in eastern or southern New York or New England, but Lamo…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The Squibnocket complex appears to have been the predominant Late Archaic manifestation of southern New England, as was the contemporaneous and closely related Sylvan Lake complex of eastern and southern New York. A large site of thi…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] This process of material substitution probably involved significant technological and motor habit changes, since both the stone represented-quartz, quartzite and flint-and the form of its occurrence, in shore or bank pebbles or in qu…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] This fact, already remarked for the narrow point users of the middle and upper Hudson Valley, can be extended to include the substitution of Onondaga and Normanskill flints for rhyolite in the manufacture of the "broad points" of the…
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] This phase is typified by narrow side-notched points of the Normanskill type (Ritchie 1961: 37-38), well made winged and perforated atlatl weights and effigy pestles, and is radiocarbon dated at 1930 B.C. ± 100 years (Y-1169) at the …
Various (1971)
[Various (1971)] The 2500 B.C. date for Lamoka at the type site provides an age for a major culture of the narrow point tradition very close to that of the Vosburg phase in 8 THE BULLETIN eastern New York and Connecticut. Brennan's finds at the Twomb…