[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] appearing as a name 6 Beyond Manhattan, Robert S. Grumet NEW YORK AMAWALK (Westchester County). Whritenour thinks that Appamankaogh, an early spelling of Amawalk, sounds very much like the Munsee words *apaamaapoxkw, “rock here and there,” and *ahpeemaapoxkw, “upon the overlying rock.” Amawalk is presently the name of a village, a dam, a hill, and a Friends meetinghouse built in 1831 in northern Westchester County. The original community of Amawalk now lies beneath the waters impounded by the Amawalk Dam built across the Muscoot River (see below) in 1897 as part of New York City’s Croton Reservoir system. Amawalk was probably the location of the Ammawaugs Indian town mentioned as being “on the east side of Hudson’s river a little below the highlands” in 1720 (Connecticut State Archives, Indian Papers Series 1:92a-92b). Ammawogg was subsequently mentioned as the home of native people who sold most of their last lands in the present-day Connecticut community of Ridgefield on July 4, 1727 (Hurd 1881:636-637). Ruttenber (1906a:34) traced Amawalk’s origin to the even earlier place name Appamaghpogh noted in the August 24, 1683, deed to land in present-day Somers in Robert Bolton’s (1881 1:8687) history. A man identified by the similarly spelled name Appamankaogh signed the December 26, 1652, deed to land at the mouth of the Raritan River (New Jersey Archives, Liber 1:9). He may have been the same person identified as Oramapouah in the November 22, 1683, deed to land at White Plains abstracted by Bolton (1881 2:536). AQUEHONGA (Sullivan County). Whritenour thinks that Aquehonga sounds much like the Munsee word aakawahung, “that which is protected from the wind.” The name of “the River Aquehung or Bronxkx” mentioned in the March 12, 1663, deed to land in the West Farms section of present-day Bronx County, New York abstracted in Robert Bolton’s (1881 2:433-434) history may share a similar etymology. Aquehonga is currently the name of a scout camp at Ten Mile River that until recently catered almost exclusively to troops from Staten Island. The name first appeared as Eghquaons, the Indian name for Staten Island, in the deed documenting the second sale of the place signed on July 10, 1657 (Gehring 2003:141-142). The island had first been sold by Indians in 1630 before being repurchased by settlers who had twice been driven away by Indian warriors, first during Governor Kieft’s War in 1641, and again during the Peach War in 1655. The island was subsequently identified as Aquehonga Manacknong in the deed finalizing the third and final Indian sale of Staten Island concluded on April 13, 1670 (Palstits 1910 1:338-343). Hard feelings over the circumstances surrounding these sales may explain why Staten Island remained the only county in the Munsee homeland unadorned by a local Indian place name. Borough residents have not, however, totally neglected the name. Aquehonga became a popular name adopted by Staten Island social clubs and fire brigades during the nineteenth century. It survives today as an internal migrant in the Munsee homeland some 100 miles distant from its place of origin. Armonk is the name of a hamlet located in upper Westchester County. Dutch colonial official Cornelius van Tienhoven penned the earliest known reference to a rivulet he identified as Armonck situated somewhere between the East River and North River (today’s Hudson) on March 4, 1650 (O’Callaghan and Fernow 1853-1887 1:366). Settlers moving to northern Westchester during York. Today’s Village of Armonk was known as Sands Mill when the local postmaster, at the suggestion of Westchester historian Robert Bolton (1881 1:2), adopted the Delaware name of the nearby stream for the post office opened at the locale in 1851. ASHAROKEN (Suffolk County). Asharoken currently is the name of an incorporated village and several localities on Eatons Neck in the Town of Huntington. These places are named for Asharoken, an influential Matinecock sachem who placed his mark onto a substantial number of deeds to lands along Long Island’s north shore in the present-day towns of Huntington, North Hempstead, and Oyster Bay between 1646 and 1669. The area was already known as Eatons Neck (after Theophilus Eaton, governor of the New Haven colony that was home to many of the village’s first English settlers) when Asharoken signed the July 30 and 31, 1656, conveyances to land in the area (in C. Street 1887-1889 1:6-7; Palstits 1910 2:403-405). A businessman named William Codling selected the sachem’s name exactly as it was spelled in the 1656 deeds for his Asharoken Beach development built in Huntington during the early 1900s. Residents intent on controlling local services formally incorporated the community as the Village of Asharoken in 1925. Use of the name has since expanded to include a number of natural and cultural features in and around the village. ASHOKAN (Ulster County). Whritenour thinks that Ashokan sounds like the Munsee word aashookaan, “people