[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] of these is the 208-acre Kitchawan Preserve on the south shore of the Croton Reservoir. Established as a research station by the Brooklyn Botanical Garden, the facility is now operated as a county forest preserve. Kitchawan Pond, located near the Connecticut state line at the other end of Westchester, was created in the early 1900s as the focal point of a camp and cottage resort. LACKAWAXEN (Sullivan County). The Lackawaxen Aqueduct Spellings of the name in both places indicate that each was is a restored and repurposed bridge originally built to float Delaware directly drawn from Robert Bolton’s (1881 1:35) history. Colonists and Hudson canal boats across the Delaware River between Lack14 Beyond Manhattan, Robert S. Grumet awaxen (see in Pennsylvania North below) and Minisink Ford (see name of the post office built in 1849 at the hamlet of Mahopac lobelow). The name Lackawaxen also graces a secondary road just cated at the east end of the lake. Use of the name has since expanded north of Minisink Ford. to include such nearby communities as Mahopac Mine, Mahopac Point, and West Mahopac. LENAPE (Sullivan County). The name given to modern-day Lenape Lake is just one commemorating the region’s original in- MAHWAH (Rockland County). The headwaters of the nine-milehabitants within the part of their ancestral homeland located in New long Mahwah River rise in the Town of Haverstraw (see above) beYork. fore flowing southwest along the base of the Hudson Highlands to fall into the Ramapo River (see below) just above the community MACHACKEMECK (Orange County). Whritenour thinks that the of Mahwah (see in New Jersey). A tract located just north of the present-day spelling of Machackemeck sounds much like a Munsee New Jersey state line in present-day Rockland sold by Indians on word for “red grounds.” The name first appeared in Dutch records April 23, 1724, mentioned a place identified as Mawewieer as the when local Indian leaders apologized for mischief caused near Man- property’s southern boundary marker (Budke 1975a:111A). hattan by an “Indian from Mechagachkamic” at a treaty meeting held in New Amsterdam on July 19, 1649 (O’Callaghan and Fernow MAMAKATING (Sullivan County). Whritenour thinks that Ma1853-1887 13:25). Two adjoining groups of rectangle-shaped sym- makating sounds similar to a Munsee word, *mahmaxkatun, “red bolic representations of longhouses indicating Indian towns mark mountain.” Mamakating is currently the name of a town located at the locations of Meochkonck and Mecharienkonck on Jansson-Viss- the southeastern end of Sullivan County. Colonists purchased much cher series maps produced after 1650 (Campbell 1965). Either lo- of the land in the present-day town in an Indian deed signed on June cale may be the site of the modern-day Machackemeck locale at 8, 1696 (Ulster County Records, Deed Book CC:145). The name Port Jervis. Mamakating itself initially appeared in colonial documents recordOn February 6, 1694, the name was referred to as “Mag- ing Indian challenges to the bounds of the 1696 deed, first as Mamgagamieck,” a place noted as a half-day’s journey from “Minniss- mekotton in the complaint made on August 22, 1722, and then as inck” (see Minisink below) in O’Callaghan and Fernow (1853-1887 Mamecatten and Memekitton in the April 21, 1730, judgment set13:98). Colonists used various spellings of the name to identify the tling the dispute (each of the latter events occurred during Nicolls Neversink River (see below) that falls into the Delaware River at Treaty renewal meetings whose records are curated in the Special Port Jervis. The name also has adorned the Moghogomock Hook Collections, Alexander Library, Rutgers University: Philhower Coland Ladder Number One volunteer fire station for more than a cen- lection). tury. The spelling Machackemeck was recently selected to support Early European settlements in the area centered around a folk translation of “pumpkin ground” for the historic Magagka- three places where fortified houses were erected in 1753. Fort Westmack Reformed Church burying ground in Port Jervis. The ceme- brook was built on the present-day Sullivan-Orange county line. tery contains the graves of over 300 area residents buried at the Fort Devans was located above modern-day Wurtsboro near the locale between 1737 and 1850. banks of what was then called the Mamakating River (today’s Basher Kill; see in New York in Part 3). Fort Roosa was built at MAHOPAC (Putnam County). Whritenour thinks that Mahopac Roosa’s Gap, a low point in the Shawangunk Mountain ridge (see sounds much like a Munsee word, meexpeek, “that which is a lot of below) just north of Wurtsboro. Population gradually began to conwater.” Today, Mahopac is the name of a lake and several nearby centrate along the lowlands just south of Fort Devans at a place origcommunities, roads, and other places along the headwaters of the inally called Mamakating Hollow during and after the Muscoot River (see below). Mahopac appears to be a linguistic hy- Revolutionary War.