[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] S. Grumet they fell prey to demolition teams clearing land for the proposed Tocks Island Dam and Reservoir. Both the Fort Namanock archaeological site and Namanock Island presently are located in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area established after the dam project was cancelled. The hamlet of Normanook, located several miles southeast of Namanock Island in the Stoke’s State Forest where the now-demolished Normanook Fire Tower formerly stood, bears a slightly different spelling of the name. NISHUANE (Essex County). Whritenour thinks that Nishuane may be a Munsee word, *niishuahne, “double stream.” Today, Nishuane is the name of a brook, a park, a school, and several streets in Montclair Township. The name appears to have been drawn from Indian deeds noting the participation of a man identified as the Indian interpreter Claes Neshawan in a conveyance dated June 6, 1695 (New Jersey Archives, Liber E:306-307), and as the witness Nihicowen to the August 13, 1708, Mackseta Cohunge purchase (New Jersey Archives, Liber I:210-211). Both names were apparently differently spelled versions of one of native culture broker Claes the Indian’s names or nicknames (see Towaco below). Nishuane’s association with Claes, as well as its identification as another Munsee term for the number two included in several published Delaware Indian word lists, almost certainly eased Nishuane’s way onto modern maps as the name of a tiny headwater of the Second River whose waters rise in Montclair. Second River itself received its name during colonial times from its position as the second stream above Newark. Teaneck is another example of this practice—in this case, a Dutch name for the neck of the tenth stream that flowed through a predominantly Dutch-speaking part of the Hackensack Valley. Nishuane made its first appearance on local maps as the name of the brook and a school built near its banks sometime during the late nineteenth century. ers firm to connect Watsessing Park (see below) in Bloomfield with Vailsburg Park in Irvington. Most of the roadway’s formal landscaping was demolished during construction of the adjoining Garden State Parkway in 1955. Rerouted north and south sections of the road continue to parallel the old parkway right-of-way. Occurring elsewhere as a street name in several other municipalities in and around northern New Jersey, the sachem’s name currently also adorns a day camp operated by the Greater Bergen County YMCA in New York’s Harriman State Park. The recently sold Oritani Field Club perpetuated a variant spelling of the name first used by the organization at its original location in Hackensack in 1887. ORITANI. See ORATON PACACK (Sussex County). The stream variously known as Pacack and Pacock Creek or Brook flows for nearly five miles in the Pacack Valley through Canistear Reservoir to its junction with the Pequannock River (see below). The name first appeared in its current form (see below), crosses Wayne Township’s central north-south axis. A local developer building a dam across Packanack Brook in 1928 NOMAHEGON (Union County). Today, Nomahegon is the name gave the name Packanack Lake to the pond and the subdivision he of a brook, a park, and a road in Union Township. The name made constructed along its shore. its first and only appearance in colonial records as “Nohim [transcribed as Nolum and Nolim in some secondary sources] Mehegum PAHAQUARRY (Morris, Sussex, and Warren counties). This Inalias Wawahawany Creek or Brook” in the October 12, 1684, Indian dian name for the Delaware Water Gap is usually translated as “the deed (New Jersey Archives, Liber A:262) to land between the Wick- place of the Pequa,” the name of a major division of the Shawnee ake, Pisawak, and Raway rivers (see Weequahic, Passaic, and Rah- nation whose members lived at the locale from the 1690s to 1728. way below). The present-day place name Nomahegon found its way Whritenour thinks that several forms of the name, such as Paonto maps along with others retrieved from colonial records in the haquarra and Pahuckaqualong, its earliest documented variant, also area during the first half of the twentieth century. Similar-looking sound like the Munsee words paxkuwleew, “it is blooming,” and Nannahagan is located in New York. paxkwuleeng, “things are blooming.” Whatever its etymology, Pahaquarry is the very recently discarded name of a township (estabNORMANOOK. See NAMANOCK lished in 1824) on the New Jersey side of the Delaware Water Gap absorbed into adjacent Hardwick in 1997 after Pahaquarry TownORATON (Essex County). Today’s Oraton Parkway is one of sev- ship’s permanent population dropped to 12 residents. eral places commemorating the memory of the sachem Oratam, a John Reading, Jr. (1915) first used the name PahuckaquaHackensack Indian leader who played a prominent role in intercul- long to identify the hills at the Delaware Water Gap during surveys tural affairs in the lower Hudson River valley between 1643 and conducted in 1715 and 1719. The