[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] word, shkaakwus, “skunk.” He also finds that the name resembles a Delaware Indian word, sekake, “above,” perhaps in reference to the high hill that towers over the surrounding meadowlands at the present-day freestanding Town of Secaucus established in 1917. This peak, actually an ancient volBeyond Manhattan, Robert S. Grumet canic outcrop variously called Snake Mountain and Laurel Hill (the latter name appearing after the hill was dubbed the crowning laurel of Hudson County in 1926), is seen daily by tens of thousands of coming of the railroads, construction of the New Jersey Turnpike (completed in 1952), and the relocation of major companies like the Hartz Mountain Corporation to the town a few years later, sparked intense development that transformed the Town of Secaucus into what has become one of the major marketing and distribution centers in the region. SHIPPEKONK. See MASHIPACONG SICOMAC (Bergen County). Whritenour thinks that Sicomac may be a Munsee word, *nzukameekw, “black fish.” Sicomac is currently the name of a hamlet, a street, and several other places in Wyckoff Township (see in New Jersey in Part 3 below). The name was first mentioned in a reference to a tract called Schichamack not included in the sale of land “near Pamtam” (see Pompton above) made on September 16, 1709 (Budke 1975a:94-96). Various spellings of Sicomac have appeared on maps of the area since that time. SINGAC (Passaic County). Whritenour thinks that Singac sounds like a Munsee word, siingeek, “outside corner or angle.” Today, Singac is the name of a three-mile-long brook and the hamlet located across from the place where the stream flows into the Passaic River. The name first appeared as “Spring Brook or Singanck” in the June 10, 1696, confirmation to an earlier land sale in the area (State of New Jersey 1880-1949 21:247). The brook was subsequently identified as Singkeek Creek in an Indian deed to a nearby tract dated September 3, 1714 (Budke 1975a:109-111). Today’s Singac Brook begins where Preakness Brook and Naachpunkt Brook (see both above) join together in the hamlet of Preakness. Flowing southward, Singac Brook forms the border between the Borough of Totowa (see below) and Wayne Township. The stream falls into the Passaic River by the hamlet of Singac, a former farming community that is now a residential neighborhood in Little Falls Township. SUCCASUNNA (Morris County). Whritenour thinks that Succasunna sounds much like a Munsee word, nzukasunung, “place of iron.” The present-day consolidated community of SuccasunnaKenvil is located in the heart of central New Jersey’s historic iron belt. Succasunna first appeared as the name of “a brook called Sacconothainge” in an Indian deed to land in the area dated December 3, 1701 (New Jersey Archives, Liber O:145-148). The name next appeared in an Indian deed signed on November 1, 1714 conveying land on the west bank of the Passaic River near “wheepanning” (see Whippany below) along a line running from “Megottanung by Succalomoning to a Mountain Called Lalingoskakong and to the said River Hackanowehke [see Rockaway above]” (New Jersey Kraft 1985:45) thought that Tamaque sounded much like a Southern Unami word, tëmakwe, “beaver.” Today, the 106-acre Tamaques Park and its focal point, Tamaques Pond, are located on land acquired during the early 1960s by Westfield Township. The name first appeared in the area as Tamaques, the Indian name of the place “called by the English the Great Swamp,” in a deed to land in the area signed on September 14, 1677 (New Jersey Archives, Liber 1:251[88]-250[89] on verso). An Indian man variously identified as Tamack and Tamage signed deeds to lands at and around the Great Swamp between 1668 and 1677 (New Jersey Archives, Liber 1:4243, 121-122; Liber A:328). Places bearing the name of the eighteenth-century Delaware Indian sachem Tamaqua, also known as Beaver or the Beaver King (McConnell 1995), are located farther west in Pennsylvania (see Beaver in Pennsylvania West and Tamaqua in Pennsylvania Central in Part 2). TAMMANY (Warren County). Mount Tammany, a 1,545-foot-high summit on the New Jersey side of the Delaware Water Gap, commemorates the memory of a prominent Delaware Indian sachem who negotiated several land sales with Pennsylvania proprietary officials during the late seventeenth century. Heckewelder (1834:383) wrote that Tamenend, one of the spellings recording his name, sounded like a Delaware word meaning “the affable.” Delawares in Ohio gave the American Indian agent Colonel George Morgan the ceremonial name of Tamenend during the Revolutionary War. Citizens of the new American nation admiring qualities of amiability, honesty, and integrity attributed to the sachem, who they regarded as their country’s patron saint, established Saint Tammany Clubs in many communities. The widespread occurrence of the name in many states (see in Part 3) attests to the former popularity of the Tammany clubs. The most famous of these, Tammany Hall in New York City, ultimately came to represent the