[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] spellings of both creek names may represent a kind of gentle corrective of an earlier undocumented surveyor’s error mistaking the adjoining separate drainages as parts of a single watershed. HOPATCONG (Morris and Sussex counties). Whritenour suggests that Hopatcong sounds similar to a Munsee word, (eenda) xwupeekahk, “(where) there is deep water or a lot of water.” Today, Hopatcong is the name of New Jersey’s largest lake as well as the name of the borough and state park located along its southern shore. The name was first noted in the Mackseta Cohunge Purchase (Whritenour thinks the latter name sounds like the Munsee word *meexksiit takwaxung, “place of the red turtle”) of August 13, 1709, as “a run of water called Hapakonoesson where the same comes out of the mountain” (New Jersey Archives, Liber I:210-211). Surveyor John Reading, Jr. (1915:41) next recorded the name in its more current shape and form as “a large lake at the head of one of the branches of Muskonethcong” (see Musconetcong below), “called Huppakong,” on May 20, 1715. Settlers calling the lower lake Great Pond and its upper reach Little Pond gave the to the incorporation of Brooklyn as a borough in 1898. Realizing that people were primarily drawn to the area by the lake, borough residents adopted the well-known name Hopatcong to adorn their community two years later. Hopatchung Road in the Borough of Hopatcong is a creative mash-up of the first part of Hopatcong and, apparently, the last part of Watchung. wampum keeper. Today, the three-mile-long Iresick Brook named after the sachem flows through Old Bridge Township into Duhernal Lake on the South River. The stream’s name was first recorded as Irasaca’s Brook in a deed dated October 7, 1700, confirming an earlier purchase of land in the area (State of New Jersey 1880-1949 21:311). The brook’s namesake, who still lived near the stream that bore his name at this time, was the son of a brother of Ockanickon (see in New Jersey Central below) noted as Jakkursoe. Ockanickon designated the young man as his successor on his deathbed in 1682 (Cripps 1682). Other documents show that Irooseeke participated in land sales involving territory in and around the Raritan and Navesink region between 1676 and 1701. One of these documents identified Irooseeke as a father of Weequehela (in Stilwell 1903-1932 3:449), an influential sachem who became known among colonists as the “King of New Jersey” (Grumet 1991; Wilk 1993). Heckewelder (1834:384) thought that Weequehela’s name meant “to be fatigued” in Delaware. KAPPUS (Hunterdon County). Kappus Road in Alexandria Township perpetuates an old German family name (Kappus is German for “cabbage”) also used as a nickname identifying the influential Munsee sachem Tammekapi. In the account of his life given to the Moravian minister who baptized him in 1749 and gave him yet another new name, Salomo, Tammekapi said that he was born around 1672 in present-day Rocky Hill, New Jersey (Moravian Archives, Baptism Register, Box 133). Colonists spelled his name as Tameckapa, Toweghkapi, and Tawakwhekon on deeds to lands in and around central and northern New Jersey signed between 1694 and 1744. Several of these deeds listed his nickname in the forms of Cappos, Capoose, and Capohon. Known to the Moravians as one of the kings of Delawares living at the Forks of Delaware, Tammekapi moved to the Lackawanna Valley after being forced from the Forks following the Walking Purchase of 1737. His village near the present-day city of Scranton, called Capoose’s Town by settlers (see Callapoose and Capouse in Pennsylvania Central in Part 2 below), was a center for Munsee occupation in that part of the Susquehanna River valley until the outbreak of the final French and Indian War forced the community’s abandonment in 1755. A Moravian scribe (Moravian Archives, Indian Mission Records, Box 313 1:3) noted that Salomo died a year later farther upriver at the Indian town of Tioga (see below in Pennsylvania Central in Part 2). Today, the name of Kappus Road in Alexandria preserves a map memory of this New Jersey Indian man who rose to become a Munsee sachem in Pennsylvania. Other occurrences of Kappus in upstate New York and Wisconsin are apparently references to people bearing the German surname unrelated to the Munsee leader. INDIAN LADDER (Warren County). Indian Ladder Cliff is located at the Delaware Water Gap in Knowlton Township. It first appeared in a reference to an Indian ladder (probably a deeply notched tree trunk) that John Reading, Jr. (1915:41) and his companions propped up on May 19, 1715, to clamber over a 20-foot-high rock blocking their path at a round hill Reading identified as Penungauchongh (see Manunka Chunk below). Although Reading noted other Indian ladders elsewhere during his surveys, the name came to be fixed to a rock formation near Manunka Chunk resembling the kind