[Robert S. Grumet (2014)] a route linking the Wilawana locale (see in New York in Part 2 above) with the Borough of Sayre. WYALUSING (Bradford and Susquehanna counties). Heckewelder (1834:362) thought that Wyalusing came from a Delaware Indian word, m’chwihillúsink, “at the dwelling place of the hoary veteran.” In 1752, a group of Delaware families following the visionary Munsee leader Papounan settled at the abandoned site of a town formerly inhabited by Siouan-speaking Tutelo Indian refugees from southern Virginia. The town site was located in Wyalusing Township (organized in 1790) within the present-day Borough of Wyalusing (erected in 1887) where the 19-mile-long Wyalusing Creek flows into the Susquehanna River. Moravians established their Friedenshütten, “tents of peace,” mission at the locale after converting the Wyalusing community leader, Papounan, in 1765. In 1772, the Munsee sachem and his followers moved to more westerly Moravian towns. Papounan subsequently died at New Schoenbrunn (see Schoenbrunn in Ohio in Part 2 below) on the Tuscarawas River in 1775. Howell documented locales that he identified as Wyalusing Falls, Wyalusing Creek, and Wyalusing Township in his map of 1792. Developed as a railroad town during the nineteenth century, the name of the Wyalusing creek and community traveled the rails to adorn places in several states (see in Part 3). WYOMING (Lackawanna, Luzerne, and Wyoming counties). Heckewelder (1834:361) thought that Wyoming sounded like the Delaware Indian words m’cheuwómi and m’cheuwámi, “extensive level flats.” Whritenour, following Goddard, thinks the name is equivalent to a Munsee word, *xweewamung, “at the big river flats.” The broad Wyoming Valley between the present-day cities of Scranton and Wilkes-Barre became a major center of Munsee and other Delaware Indian refugee settlements forced from their homeland by the beginning of the eighteenth century. This widely known and even more widespread Munsee Delaware Indian place name adorns both its namesake state and creeks, towns, and much else listed in 30 other states (see in Part 3). Many of the places that today bear the name celebrate the Pennsylvania valley’s natural beauty, preserve the memory of the violent battles fought for its control during the Revolutionary War, and honor the region’s role in the nation’s industrial development. WYSOX (Bradford County). Heckewelder (1834:362) thought that the name of what he called Wisaukin Creek (spelled Wysaukin on Beyond Manhattan, Robert S. Grumet 109 PENNSYLVANIA WEST ALIQUIPPA (Beaver County). Aliquippa is a Delaware name, translated as “hat” (in Donehoo 1928:1), used to identify an Iroquois sachem. Frontier diplomat Conrad Weiser identified Aliquippa as the leader of “a Sinicker [Seneca] town, where an old Sinicker woman rules with great authority” in a journal entry dated August 27, 1748 (Muhlenberg 1853b:23-24). The town may have been the same place that trader James Le Tort noted as Leequeepees in the Allegheny River valley in 1731 (State of Pennsylvania 1838-1935, Pennsylvania Archives, 1st Series 1:301). Later travelers identified a community located just west of Pittsburgh at present-day McKees Rocks as Queen Allequippas Town. A leader of Indians who helped guide George Washington on his march against Fort Duquesne in the spring of 1754, Aliquippa left the area to avoid French retaliation following Washington’s defeat at Fort Necessity. She moved east to Aughwick in central Pennsylvania, where she soon died. In 1878, Pennsylvania and Erie Railroad officials selected the Seneca sachem’s Delaware name from a list of prominent Indian leaders for an amusement park that they built in what is today West Aliquippa. The locality was incorporated as a neighborhood in the City of Aliquippa established a few years later. Allegrippus Gap (see in Pennsylvania Central above) commemorates a different person with a similar-looking name. ALLEGANY. See ALLEGHENY ALLEGHENY (Allegheny, Armstrong, Butler, Crawford, name “Al-lee-ge-eon-ning, signifies an impression made by the foot of a human being.” McCullough further explained that the name referred to the Allegheny River valley’s deep, wet, and highly impressionable soil. Whritenour thinks that Allegheny closely resembles another Delaware word, *alikehane, the “stream of the Stepping Down clan.” Colonists and Indians on the east coast used versions of the Delaware Indian word alligewinink, “land of the Allegewi,” as a general term to identify, as Heckewelder (1834:367) wrote, “all of the country west of the Allegany Mountains, together with all the large rivers therein and their tributary streams.” The latter term comes from alligéwi, the name that Delaware Indian storytellers still use to identify the western country’s original long vanished inhabitants. Allegheny and its variant spelling Allegany (see in New York in Part 2 above) are very widespread Delaware Indian place names. The GNIS lists nearly 250 places bearing the name spelled one way or the other in 18 states. Many of these references directly document or are closely associated with the 325-mile-long Allegheny River. The river flows from its headwaters in Potter County through the Borough of Port Allegany in Pennsylvania north across into New York.