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🏹 Indigenous Peoples & Archaeology
The Kitchawank, Wappinger, and Lenape peoples who lived here for 7,000+ years
926Passages
7Source Documents
Sources
| Source | Passages | Words | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1872) | 401 | 76,522 | Original → |
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906) | 223 | 40,085 | Original → |
| Various (1971) | 98 | 18,630 | Original → |
| Herbert C. Kraft et al. (1994) | 73 | 12,771 | Original → |
| Various (1967) | 42 | 8,829 | Original → |
| Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962) | 39 | 7,958 | Original → |
| Reginald Pelham Bolton (1922) | 50 | 5,568 | Original → |
Passages
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Gerard explains: "The dissyllabic root, _mamal,_ or _mamar,_ means 'To stripe;' _Mamar-a-nak,_ 'striped arms,' or eyebrows, as the name of an Indian chief who painted his arms in stripes or radiated his eyebrows," a …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] 'Menhaden country,' from _Munongutteau,_ 'that which fertalizes or manures land,' the Indian name for white fish or bony fish, which were taken in great numbers by the Indians, on the shores of the Sound, for manurin…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] (See Tappan.) Katonah, the name of a sachem, is preserved in that of a village in the town of Bedford. The district was known as "Katonah's land." In deed of 1680, the orthography is Katōōnah--oo as in food. Succabon…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] not scarce in present times. [FN] The lake is ten miles in circumference and lies sixteen hundred feet above the level of Hudson's River. It contains two or three small islands, on the largest of which is the traditi…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The name, however, has no reference to a pass, path, village or chief; it is a pronunciation of _Wecuppe,_ "The place of basswoods or linden trees," from the inner bark of which (_wikopi_) "the Indians made ropes and…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Gerard is certainly right when he explains the radix _mat--mata_--by confluence, junction, debouching, and forming verbs as well as roots and nouns." _-A'wan, -wan -uan,_ etc., is an impersonal verb termination; it a…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] [FN] Rack is obsolete; the present word is _Recht._ It describes an almost straight part of the river. Woranecks, Carte Figurative 1614-16; _Waoranecks,_ 1621-25; _Warenecker,_ Wassenaer; _Waoranekye,_ De Laet, 1633-…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The same adjectival appears in _Waronawanka_ at Kingston, and the same word in _Woronake_ on the Sound
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] creek, indicating the inclusion in the tribal jurisdiction of the lands as far south as the Highlands. From Kregier's Journal of the "Second Esopus War" (1663), it is learned that they had a principal castle in the v…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] At their northern bound they met the tribe known to the Dutch as the Mahicans, a people of eastern origin and dialect, whose eastern limit included the valley of the Housatonic at least, and with them in alliance for…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Trumbull ("Indian Names in Connecticut") wrote: "_Wassiog,_ (Moh.), alternate _Washiack,_ a west bound of the Mohegan country claimed by Uncas; 'the south end of a very high hill' very near the line between Glastonbu…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] of the village were "Mahicander Indians." * * * * * [FN-1] The field of the labors of the Moravian missionaries extended to Wechquadnach, Pachquadnach, Potatik, Westenhoek and Wehtak, on the Housatenuc. _Wechquadnach…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] xiii, 545, 572), does not mean that the kill was called Wynachkee, but the flat of land, to which the name itself shows that it belonged. The derivatives are _Winne,_ "good, fine, pleasant," and _-aki_ (auke, ohke), …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] (Trumbull.) In Lenape _Aan_ is a radical meaning, "To move; to go." _Paan,_ "To come; to get to"; _Wiket-pann,_ "To get home"; _Paancep,_ "Arrived"; _Mattalan,_ "To come upto some body"; logically, _Mattappan,_ "To s…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] "eddying," as a current in a bend of a river. The second, _-tan, -ten, -ton_ means "current," by metonymie, "river," and _ock,_ means "land" or place--"A bend-of-the-river place." The same name is met in Wawiachtanos…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] In Shawano, _Wawia'tan_ describes bending or eddying water--with locative, "Where the current winds about." The name is applicable at any place where the features exist. Metambeson, a creek so called in Duchess Count…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] New York and Massachusetts and seems to have been one of the several small streams that flow down the bluff from the surface, apparently about two miles and a half north of Roelof Jansen's Kill, in the vicinity of th…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Surveyor Beatty's description, "Beginning at a place where," and the omission of the stream on his map, and its omission on subsequent maps of the manor, and the specific entry in the amended patent of 1715, "Beginni…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Hawley, in 1758, was not attended by a better result. [FN-3] The heaps were usually met at resting places on the path and the custom of throwing the stone a sign-language indicating that one of the tribe had passed a…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Mahaskakook, a boundmark in the Livingston Patent, is described, in one entry, as "A copse," _i. e._ "A thicket of underbrush," and in another entry, "A cripple bush," _i. e._ "A patch of low timber growth"--Dutch, _…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Twastawekah and Tawastawekah, given, in the Livingston Patent, as the name of Claverack Creek, is described as a place that was below Shaukook, The root is _Tawa,_ an "open space," and the name apparently an equivale…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Kesieway's Kil, described in an Indian deed to Garritt van Suchtenhorst, 1667-8. "A certain piece of land at Claverack between the bouwery of Jan Roother and Major Abraham Staats, beginning at a fall at the kil calle…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Machachoesk, a place so called in Columbia County, has not been located. It is described of record as a place "lying on both sides of Kinderhook Creek," and may have taken its name from an adjacent feature. Wapemwats…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Kaphack, on Westenhook River, a place described as "Beginning at an Indian burying-place hard by Kaphack," probably means "A separate place"--"land not occupied." The tract began at "an Indian burying-place," and pre…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] _Esquatak_ is pretty certainly an equivalent of _Ashpohtag_ (Mass.), meaning "A high place." Dropping the initial _A,_ and also the letter _p_ and the second _h,_ leaves Schotack or Shotag; by pronunciation Schodac. …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] In the same capacity he was at Esopus in 1660. He could hardly have been the "old man" whom Hudson met in 1609. In one entry his name is written "Eskuvius, alias Aepjin (Little Ape)," and in another "Called by the Du…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] forms of the name illustrate the effort on the part of the early Dutch, who were then limitedly acquainted with the Indian tongue, to give orthographies to the names which they heard spoken. Passapenoc, Pahpapaenpeno…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The original was, no doubt, _Patuckquapaug,_ as in Greenwich, Ct., meaning "Round pond." The Dutch changed _paug_ to _paen_ descriptive of the land--low land--so we have, as it stands, "Round land," "elevated hassock…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] "fine, handsome rocks." [FN-2] An interpretation of the name from the form Wallumscnaik, in Thompson's Hist. Vermont, states that "The termination _'chaik'_ signifies in the Dutch language, 'scrip.' or 'patent.'" Thi…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] of record in 1685, its application was probably as early as 1675, when the Pennacooks of Connecticut, fleeing from the disastrous results of King Phillip's War in which they were allies, found refuge among their kind…